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Magnesium Hydroxide

Magnesii hydroxidum

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Uses & Benefits


Magnesium hydroxide is a fine white mineral powder best known in natural personal care for controlling body odor without blocking perspiration. It is mildly alkaline, sparingly soluble in water, and naturally occurs as the mineral brucite. Unlike an antiperspirant active, it does not stop sweat; its value lies in making the skin’s surface less favorable to odor-producing activity while also contributing absorbency and a smooth, dry finish.

Underarm Odor Control
• Helps neutralize odor rather than merely covering it with fragrance.
• Its alkaline nature can make the underarm environment less favorable to the processes that create noticeable body odor.
• It is widely used in aluminum-free deodorants, especially formulas designed without sodium bicarbonate.
• It does not reduce the amount of perspiration produced and should not be marketed as an antiperspirant.

Sensitive-Skin Deodorant Support
• Magnesium hydroxide is often chosen as a gentler alternative for people who find baking soda deodorants irritating.
• Its lower solubility generally makes it less immediately reactive on the skin than highly soluble alkaline ingredients.
• Individual sensitivity remains possible, particularly after shaving or when used at a high concentration.
• A finished deodorant should be formulated to minimize irritation rather than assuming the ingredient is universally gentle.

Moisture Absorption & Dry Finish
• The powder can absorb some surface moisture and help reduce a greasy or overly waxy feel in deodorant formulas.
• It contributes a soft, powdery finish that can improve the sensory balance of oils, butters, and waxes.
• It does not prevent sweating and cannot keep the underarms completely dry during heat or physical activity.

Formula Texture & Suspension
• Adds body and opacity to solid deodorants, creams, pastes, and anhydrous balms.
• Because it does not dissolve readily, it must be dispersed thoroughly to prevent grittiness, settling, or uneven application.
• Excessive amounts can create drag, chalkiness, residue on clothing, or a formula that crumbles during use.
• Particle size and supplier quality strongly affect smoothness and finished-product performance.
pH, Compatibility & Safety
• Magnesium hydroxide is alkaline, so concentration and overall formula design matter for underarm comfort.
• It may irritate freshly shaved, broken, inflamed, or highly reactive skin.
• Avoid inhaling airborne powder during manufacturing, and use suitable respiratory and eye protection when handling larger quantities.
• Magnesium hydroxide is not a preservative and cannot protect water-containing products from microbial contamination.
• Cosmetic-grade material should meet appropriate identity, purity, and contaminant specifications.
Magnesium hydroxide is not a botanical ingredient but an inorganic mineral compound found naturally as brucite, a usually white or colorless crystalline mineral that forms in magnesium-rich geological environments. Commercial cosmetic material is more commonly produced under controlled conditions by precipitating magnesium hydroxide from purified magnesium salts or by hydrating suitable magnesium oxide.

For generations, the compound was most familiar as the suspended white material in milk of magnesia and as an antacid ingredient. Its movement into personal care came from a different property: the same mild alkalinity that neutralizes acid can also alter the surface conditions associated with odor formation. This made magnesium hydroxide valuable in deodorants that control odor while allowing the body to perspire normally.

Its modern cosmetic role depends less on an ancestral skin-care tradition than on thoughtful mineral chemistry. Carefully dispersed powder offers odor control, mild absorbency, and a clean dry finish without relying on aluminum antiperspirant salts or the sharper alkalinity often associated with baking soda.

Resources / Further Reading

• PubChem – Magnesium Hydroxide

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/magnesium%20hydroxide

Provides the compound’s molecular formula, identity, natural occurrence as brucite, recognized uses, and cosmetic safety information.

• Cosmetic Ingredient Review – Safety Assessment of Magnesium Hydroxide, Magnesium Oxide, Magnesium Carbonate, Magnesium Sulfate, and Magnesium Aluminum Silicate as Used in Cosmetics

https://www.cir-safety.org/sites/default/files/magnes032021FAR.pdf

Evaluates magnesium hydroxide and related magnesium ingredients for cosmetic use and concludes they are safe under specified conditions.

• Electronic Code of Federal Regulations – 21 CFR § 184.1428 Magnesium Hydroxide

https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/21/184.1428

Describes magnesium hydroxide’s occurrence as brucite, chemical preparation, identity, and recognized food-grade specifications.

• U.S. Food and Drug Administration – OTC Monographs@FDA

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/omuf/index.cfm?event=monographsearch&val=Magnesium%20Hydroxide

Identifies magnesium hydroxide as an active ingredient in the federal over-the-counter antacid monograph.

• U.S. Food and Drug Administration – Product Testing of Cosmetics

https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetics-science-research/product-testing-cosmetics

Explains the manufacturer’s responsibility for evaluating ingredient and finished-product safety and preventing harmful microbial contamination.

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